Dengue is a vector-borne disease transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. These female mosquitoes bite humans to obtain protein essential for egg development, potentially transmitting the virus in the process. They are most active after sunrise and a few hours before sunset, though they can bite at night as well. These mosquitoes lay their eggs in natural habitats like tree holes and plants, as well as in artificial containers such as flower pots, water tanks, tires, and containers.
The lifespan of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes is typically less than three weeks. They are the primary vectors for several viral diseases, including dengue fever, chikungunya, Zika virus, and yellow fever. Symptoms of dengue include abdominal pain, fever that escalates, red spots on the skin, severe headaches, vomiting, high fever, nausea, fatigue, and swollen glands.
How Dengue Fever Affects Your Brain and Nervous System
Severe complications dengue virus can cause to the brain and nervous system. The virus enters the bloodstream and spreads throughout the body, affecting immune system cells in the lymph nodes. The immune system releases cytokines, proteins that combat the virus, leading to symptoms like inflammation and tissue damage in the brain.
Dengue fever can weaken the blood-brain barrier, a protective layer preventing harmful substances from entering the brain. This allows the virus to infect neurons directly, causing severe damage and impairing brain function. Dengue can lead to life-threatening complications such as encephalitis (brain inflammation), meningitis (inflammation of the brain and spinal cord), and myelitis (spinal cord inflammation).
Tips to Minimize the Risk of Dengue
- Contact the municipal authorities if you notice an increase in mosquitoes around your neighborhood.
- Dispose of recyclable containers or boxes that can create breeding grounds for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.
- Use mosquito repellents containing DEET, picaridin, tea tree oil, or eucalyptus oil for better protection when outdoors.
- Keep doors and windows closed to prevent mosquitoes from entering your home and potentially infecting your loved ones.
- Consult a physician immediately if you exhibit any symptoms suggestive of dengue. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent fatal complications.
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